Personal Income Tax Deductions and Allowances in Thailand for 2025: What You Need to Know
HLB Thailand Tax Team
Navigating Thailand’s personal income tax system and the range of deductions and allowances available can be challenging. Every year new deductions are being introduced, which come with their own set of rules and requirements.
This article explains most but not all of the deductions and allowances available, including recent additions, to support taxpayers when preparing their annual personal income tax return for the 2025 year.
Key Points for Tax Year 2025
- Filing deadline: 8 April 2026 (electronic); 31 March 2026 (paper)
- Online filing available via e-Filing / D-MyTax
- Progressive tax rates up to 35%
- Tax residents subject to tax on foreign income remitted into Thailand
Table of Content
Reminder – Filing Deadlines and Compliance Risks
Tax Assessment, Review, and Audit Powers
What deductions and allowances are available?
↳ Personal and Family Allowances
↳ Economic Stimulus Tax Measures
↳ Special Tax Measures
↳ Donations
↳ Life and Health Insurance Premiums
↳ Retirement, Savings and Investment Funds
↳ Thai ESG and Thai ESGX Funds
↳ Social Security Contributions
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
↳ What is Personal Income Tax?
↳ What types of income are subject to Personal Income Tax?
↳ How is taxable income calculated?
↳ Who Collects and Administers Personal Income Tax in Thailand?
↳ Who is considered a tax resident of Thailand?
↳ How is foreign income taxed?
↳ Can a tax credit be claimed for tax paid in a foreign country?
↳ Does Thailand’s Personal Income Tax recognise same-sex spouses?
↳ What is withholding tax and how does it affect personal income tax filings?
↳ My Thai bank has deducted 15% tax from interest credited to my savings account. Do I need to include the interest in my personal income tax return?
↳ When must personal income tax returns be filed?
↳ What happens if a Personal Income Tax return is not filed on time?
↳ Can the Revenue Department reassess tax after filing?
↳ Are gains from cryptocurrency or digital asset sales taxable in Thailand?
↳ Are there tax incentives for Thai nationals returning to work in Thailand?
↳ Does Value Added Tax (VAT) affect Personal Income Tax?
Reminder – Filing Deadlines and Compliance Risks
Taxpayers are required to file their Personal Income Tax return within the prescribed deadline. Late filing may result in surcharges and penalties under the Revenue Code.
Personal income tax returns for the year ended 31 December 2025 can be filed online through the Revenue Department’s e-Filing system or the D-MyTax digital platform until 8 April 2026. For those submitting paper returns, the deadline is 31 March 2026.
Taxpayers with tax payable of THB 3,000 or more may apply for instalment payment, subject to Revenue Department approval and conditions.
Late filings are subject to a 1.5% monthly surcharge on any outstanding tax, along with applicable fines. Deliberate tax evasion or providing false information may result in penalties under the Revenue Code, including fines and other legal consequences in serious cases.
Tax Assessment, Review, and Audit Powers
The Revenue Department has the authority to review filed Personal Income Tax returns and request additional information or supporting documents where necessary.
Taxpayers may be subject to desk reviews or formal tax audits if discrepancies, omissions, or unusual items are identified. In such cases, taxpayers are required to cooperate and provide explanations or documentation within the prescribed timeframe.
What deductions and allowances are available?
Income subject to personal income tax is calculated by deducting deductions and allowances from assessable income.
Assessable income is divided into 8 categories as follows:
- Income from employment, personal services etc.
- Income by virtue of a post, office or services rendered
- Income from goodwill, copyright, franchise, other rights, annuity or income in the nature of yearly payments derived from a will or any other juristic Act or judgment of the Court
- Investment type income, including dividends, interest, gains from transfer of shares, digital assets etc
- Rental income
- Income from liberal professions
- Income from construction and other contracts of work
- Income from business, commerce, agriculture, industry, transport or any other activity not otherwise specified.
Deductions available vary and will depend on the type of income earned. For employment income for example, a standard deduction equal to 50% of the income but not exceeding Baht 100,000 can be claimed. For rental income, standard deductions may be claimed, or actual expenses can be claimed if supported by appropriate documentation. Read more: https://www.hlbthai.com/thai-rental-properties-and-personal-income-tax-2/
Deductions are also provided for certain expenses, such as those introduced as economic stimulus measures, by way of tax exemption i.e. the law to allow the deduction is written as an exemption from personal income tax.
Allowances include personal, spouse and child allowances, insurance contributions, provident fund contributions, and other qualifying allowances, subject to statutory limits and conditions.
Married couples have the option to file either joint returns or separate returns. Married couples should exercise care in claiming the correct deductions and allowances.
Personal and Family Allowances
| Allowances | Max Deduction | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Personal allowance |
60,000 |
Standard allowance |
|
Spouse allowance |
60,000 |
If filing jointly or spouse does not have assessable income. If the taxpayer is not a tax resident of Thailand, the allowance shall be granted only if the spouse resides in Thailand |
|
Child allowance
2nd child born in or after 2018
|
30,000 per child
Additional 30,000 per child
|
For legitimate children of the taxpayer or legitimate children of the taxpayer's spouse. For legitimate children from the second child onwards, born in or after 2018, an additional 30,000 baht per child is deductible. When calculating the order of children, all children are counted regardless of whether they are alive or not. The deduction for children is only applicable to children who are under 25 years of age and are still studying at a university or higher education institution, or who are minors or have been declared incompetent or quasi-incompetent by the court, and who are under the taxpayer's care and support. A deduction cannot be claimed for children with assessable income of 30,000 baht or more during the year, provided that the assessable income is not exempt under Section 42 of the Revenue Code. If the taxpayer is not a tax resident of Thailand, the allowance shall be granted only for children residing in Thailand. |
|
Child allowance for adopted children |
30,000 per child |
Limited to three adopted children. Other conditions apply. |
|
Parents allowance |
30,000 per person |
Parents must be at least 60 years old and under the care and support of the taxpayer but must not have assessable income exceeding 30,000 baht in the tax year for which the deduction is requested. The taxpayer or the taxpayer's spouse must be a legitimate child (adopted children are not eligible for this deduction), and the deduction can be made for the entire tax year. A deduction of 30,000 baht per parent is allowed for the taxpayer's parents, and an additional 30,000 baht per parent is allowed for the parents of the spouse who has no income. |
|
Pregnancy and childbirth expenses |
60,000 per pregnancy |
Income tax exemption applies to the amount paid by the taxpayer or their spouse for prenatal care and childbirth expenses, based on the actual amount paid for each pregnancy, but not exceeding 60,000 baht. If the prenatal care and childbirth expenses for each pregnancy are not paid in the same tax year, the exemption applies to the actual amount paid in each tax year, but the total combined amount must not exceed 60,000 baht. Other conditions apply. |
|
Allowance for care and support of disabled persons |
60,000 per person |
For the support of parents, spouse, legally recognized children or adopted children of the taxpayer, parents or legally recognized children of the taxpayer's spouse, or other persons whom the taxpayer legally cares for under the law. Conditions apply. |
Economic Stimulus Tax Measures
| Measure | Max Deduction | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Home loan interest |
100,000 |
Loans taken out to purchase, hire purchase, or construct residential buildings, with the purchased or constructed building mortgaged as collateral for the loan, are eligible for tax deductions and exemptions based on the actual amount paid in this tax year, but not exceeding 100,000 baht. Conditions apply. |
|
CCTV purchase and installation |
Actual expenses |
For persons liable to personal income tax on assessable income under Sections 40 (5) (6) (7) or (8) of the Revenue Code. The asset must be new, not previously used and installed at a place of business located in a Special Development Zone during period 1 January 2024 – 31 December 2026. A “Special Development Zone” means the areas of Narathiwat Province, Pattani Province, Yala Province, Songkhla Province only in Chana District, Na Thawi District, Saba Yoi District, and Thepha District, and Satun Province. Other conditions apply. |
|
Investment in social enterprises |
100,000 |
For investment in shares of a company or interest in a partnership registered as a social enterprise and notified to the Director-General of Revenue. Conditions apply. |
|
Easy E-Receipt 2.0 |
50,000 |
For eligible purchases from January 16, 2025 - February 28, 2025, applicable only to those who have received an electronic tax invoice or receipt (e-Tax Invoice & e-Receipt). Deductions are allowed subject to the programme rules. Read more https://www.hlbthai.com/easy-e-receipt-2-0-personal-tax-deduction-campaign-for-2025-new-year/ |
|
Construction costs of new residential buildings paid to contractors who are VAT-registered businesses. |
100,000 |
The conditions include:
|
|
Domestic travel costs (payment for accommodation and restaurant services) |
30,000 |
For the period from 29 October to 15 December 2025 only. The conditions include:
|
Special Tax Measures
| Measure | Max Deduction | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Cost of visual artwork |
100,000 |
The deduction for the cost of visual artwork purchased in Thailand is capped at THB 100,000 and must be supported by a valid full tax invoice or receipt containing sufficient details of the artwork. In addition, the artwork must be acquired from qualifying sellers, such as registered artists or recognised art institutions, in accordance with conditions set by the Revenue Department. |
Donations
| Donation Type | Maximum Deduction | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Political party donations by Thai citizens |
10,000 |
Conditions apply |
|
Donations tax exempt |
Double deduction, capped at 10% of net income |
For donations to eligible recipients e.g. government clinics, not exceeding 10 percent of assessable income after deduction of expenses and allowances. Conditions apply. |
|
E-Donations
|
Single or Double deduction, capped at 10% of net income |
For donations to eligible recipients made through the electronic donation system (e-Donation). Conditions apply. |
|
Other donations |
Single or Double deduction, capped at 10% of net income |
Other donations to eligible recipients but not exceeding 10% of net income after deduction of tax-exempt donations and e-Donations. Conditions apply. |
Life and Health Insurance Premiums
| Insurance Type | Maximum Deduction | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Life insurance |
100,000 |
Conditions include that the life insurance must have a term of at least 10 years and is taken out with a life insurer operating in Thailand. |
|
Health insurance |
25,000 |
A deduction is allowed for the amount paid by the taxpayer as insurance premiums in the tax year to a life insurance company or a non-life insurance company operating in the Kingdom for the health insurance of the taxpayer in the actual amount paid but not exceeding 25,000 baht, which, when combined with the life insurance deduction must not exceed 100,000 baht. |
|
Spouse life insurance |
10,000 |
The spouse does not have income and the marital status must exist throughout the year. |
|
Parents’ health insurance |
15,000 |
Maximum deduction in total for parents and spouse’s parents. If the income earner is not a resident of Thailand, the deduction applies only to health insurance premiums for parents who reside in Thailand. Other conditions apply. |
Retirement, Savings and Investment Funds
| Fund / Investment | Deduction Limit |
|---|---|
|
Pension life insurance |
Up to 15% of assessable income but not exceeding 200,000. Subject to an overall combined cap of 500,000 when aggregated with deductions for provident fund, government pension fund, private teachers welfare fund and RMF units. |
|
Provident Fund |
Up to 15% of salary, maximum 500,000 |
|
Government Pension Fund
|
Maximum 500,000 |
|
National Savings Fund |
Subject to an overall combined cap of THB 500,000 when aggregated with deductions for provident fund, government pension fund, private teachers welfare fund, RMF units and pension life insurance premiums. |
|
Private Teachers Welfare Fund |
Maximum 500,000 |
|
Units purchased in Retirement Mutual Fund (RMF) |
Up to 30% of assessable income, subject to an overall combined cap of THB 500,000 when aggregated with provident fund, government pension fund and private teachers welfare fund deductions. |
Thai ESG and Thai ESGX Funds
| Fund Type | Deduction Limit (THB) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
|
Thai ESG Fund |
Up to 30% of income, maximum 300,000 |
Must hold for at least five years from the investment date. |
|
Thai ESGX – new investment |
Up to 30% of income, maximum 300,000 |
Must hold for at least five years from the investment date. |
|
Thai ESGX – transfer from LTF |
300,000 |
Must have transferred during the period from 1 May to 30 June 2025. Deductions available:
|
Social Security Contributions
| Section of Social Security Act | Maximum Deduction |
|---|---|
|
Section 33 |
9,000 |
|
Section 39 |
5,184 |
|
Section 40 |
According to actual contribution |
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions): Personal Income Tax in Thailand
What is Personal Income Tax?
Personal Income Tax is a tax imposed under the Revenue Code on income earned by individuals and certain non-juristic persons, such as a non-registered ordinary partnership or a non-juristic body of persons/group of persons. Taxpayers are responsible for calculating their tax liability, filing a tax return, and paying any tax due on a calendar-year basis.
What types of income are subject to Personal Income Tax?
Income subject to personal income tax, known as assessable income, includes both cash income and non-cash benefits. This may include employment income, professional fees, business income, rental income, investment income, and other categories as prescribed by the Revenue Department.
How is taxable income calculated?
Taxable income is calculated by deducting deductions and allowances from assessable income. A taxpayer shall make deductions from assessable income before the allowances are claimed.
Taxable Income = Assessable Income – Deductions – Allowances
Who Collects and Administers Personal Income Tax in Thailand?
Personal Income Tax in Thailand is administered and collected by the Revenue Department under the Ministry of Finance.
The Revenue Department is responsible for issuing tax forms, operating the e-Filing and D-MyTax systems, assessing tax returns, collecting tax payments, and enforcing compliance through audits, surcharges, penalties, and legal proceedings where necessary.
Who is considered a tax resident of Thailand?
An individual is regarded as a Thai tax resident for personal income tax purposes if they stay in Thailand for at least 180 days in a calendar year. Tax residency is determined on a year by year basis.
Tax residents are generally subject to tax on Thailand-sourced income and, subject to applicable rules, foreign-sourced income brought into Thailand.
Non-resident individuals i.e. individuals that have stayed in Thailand for less than 180 days in a calendar year are taxed only on Thailand-sourced income.
How is foreign income taxed?
The general rule is that foreign income earned by a tax resident of Thailand after 1 January 2024, is subject to personal income tax when it is remitted into Thailand, even if that remittance occurs in a later tax year.
Long-term resident (LTR) visa holders are granted an exemption from income tax on foreign income brought into Thailand. The three categories of LTR visa holders eligible for the exemption are Wealthy global citizens, Wealthy pensioners, and Work-from-Thailand professionals.
Read more: https://www.hlbthai.com/thailands-foreign-income-tax-changes-now-in-force
Can a tax credit be claimed for tax paid in a foreign country?
Foreign income tax paid on foreign income that is taxable in Thailand can be credited against the Thai tax payable on such income if permitted under a Double Tax Agreement (DTA).
Does Thailand’s Personal Income Tax recognise same-sex spouses?
Following the enactment of the Marriage Equality Act in Thailand, Revenue Department guidance on personal income tax has been updated to use gender-neutral terms such as “spouse.” Under the current Revenue Department interpretation, terms previously referring to “husband and wife” in tax provisions are treated as referring to “spouse” or “either spouse,” meaning that registered same-sex spouses are entitled to the same tax allowances and obligations (for example, claiming a spouse allowance) as opposite-sex married couples.
Read more about how Thailand’s tax rules have been updated to align with the Marriage Equality Act: https://www.hlbthai.com/thailands-revenue-department-updates-tax-rules-to-align-with-marriage-equality-act/
What is withholding tax and how does it affect personal income tax filings?
Under Thailand’s withholding tax system, a wide range of income — such as employment income, professional fees, rental income, interest, dividends and service fees — are subject to tax withholding by the payer at source.
The withholding tax deducted is treated as a tax credit and may be offset against the taxpayer’s final Personal Income Tax liability when filing the annual return. Any excess withholding may be claimed as a refund, while any shortfall must be paid upon filing.
Taxpayers are required to retain withholding tax certificates (e.g. Form 50 Tawi) as supporting documentation when filing their annual return.
My Thai bank has deducted 15% tax from interest credited to my savings account. Do I need to include the interest in my personal income tax return?
Interest received from a Thai bank that has been subject to 15% tax at source may be excluded from your personal income tax return.
When must personal income tax returns be filed?
Personal income tax returns are generally filed annually, with the filing deadline falling at the end of March following the tax year. An 8 day extension is currently granted for e-filing. A half-year return must be filed in respect of income derived under Sections 40(5), (6), (7) or (8) during January to June e.g rentals, professional fees, business income. Tax paid on the half-year return shall be credited against the year-end tax calculation.
What happens if a Personal Income Tax return is not filed on time?
Failure to file a Personal Income Tax return within the prescribed deadline may result in surcharges, fines, and penalties. A monthly surcharge of 1.5% may apply to unpaid tax, and serious cases may attract additional penalties under the Revenue Code.
Can the Revenue Department reassess tax after filing?
Yes. The Revenue Department has the authority to reassess tax within the statutory limitation period if errors, omissions, or non-compliance are identified.
Taxpayers should retain relevant supporting documents — such as income statements, withholding tax certificates, insurance receipts, fund contribution evidence, and donation receipts — for inspection by the Revenue Department if requested.
Are gains from cryptocurrency or digital asset sales taxable in Thailand?
Thailand has introduced a temporary Personal Income Tax exemption on capital gains derived from the sale of cryptocurrencies and digital tokens, subject to specific conditions and timeframes.
Read more about the scope, conditions, and eligibility of the digital asset tax exemption:
https://www.hlbthai.com/5-year-personal-income-tax-exemption-for-digital-asset-sales/
Are there tax incentives for Thai nationals returning to work in Thailand?
Thailand has introduced targeted tax incentives to encourage Thai nationals working abroad to return and work in the country, including preferential Personal Income Tax treatment for eligible individuals.
Read more about the eligibility criteria and tax benefits for returning Thai nationals:
https://www.hlbthai.com/new-notification-on-the-tax-incentives-to-promote-the-return-of-thai-nationals-working-abroad/
Does Value Added Tax (VAT) affect Personal Income Tax?
Value Added Tax (VAT) and Personal Income Tax are separate taxes. However, VAT may still be relevant for individuals operating a business or providing services, particularly in relation to compliance obligations and overall tax planning.
Read more about the VAT rate extension and its implications:
https://www.hlbthai.com/cabinet-approves-extension-of-the-7-vat-until-30-september-2026/
Thailand Personal Income Tax Rates (Tax Year 2025)
| Taxable Income (THB) | Tax Rate |
|---|---|
| 0 – 150,000 | 0% (Exempt) |
| 150,001 – 300,000 | 5% |
| 300,001 – 500,000 | 10% |
| 500,001 – 750,000 | 15% |
| 750,001 – 1,000,000 | 20% |
| 1,000,001 – 2,000,000 | 25% |
| 2,000,001 – 5,000,000 | 30% |
| Over 5,000,000 | 35% |
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